结合应用型人才培养的开放式实验教学研究

本文介绍长春理工大学光电信息学院光电实验教学中心如何根据自身实际情况,大力开展开放式实验教学以提高大学生的综合应用水平和创新能力,并已初见成效。     

应用技术大学物理实验教学体系、内容的改革与探索

随着我国经济结构调整和产业转型,应用技术大学必须高水平发展,以适应其服务地方经济发展的要求。针对目前应用技术大学物理实验教学中存在的问题,结合重庆邮电大学移通学院大学物理实验教学改革的实际情况,提出了一系列大学物理实验教学改革的新思路和新方法。     

Economic mapping to the renormalization group scaling of stock markets

We make an attempt to map a simple economically motivated model for price evolution [J. Phys. A 33, 3637 (2000)] to the phenomenological renormalization group scaling of stock markets. This mapping gives insight into the critical exponents and the renormalization group predictions for the log-periodic oscillations preceding some stock market crashes from the perspective of non-linear changes in `the level of stock'. Received 7 August 2000     

强电场下气泡形变对液体绝缘的影响

 基于液体气泡击穿的椭球模型,推导了气泡形变的流体动力学方程;利用软件Comsol模拟了气泡受力后的形变;根据模拟结果,结合气体击穿的帕邢定律,讨论了气泡形变对液体绝缘的影响。结果表明:气泡在静电引力和表面张力的作用下,沿电场线方向拉伸成椭球,椭球长短轴之比与外加电场强度和气泡初始半径成正比;形变导致电场方向气体通道延长,气泡更容易击穿,外加气压是避免气泡击穿的有效途径之一,外加气压的大小与电场强度和气泡初始半径成正比。     

应用型本科院校开展学生科研训练的探索与研究*

大学生创新实践能力的培养是当前高校教育的重要命题,作为一所应用型本科院校,吕梁学院积极探索学生培养新模式,率先在化学化工系开展了人才培养方案改革、扩大实验室开放、“科研小助手”的选拔与培养等工作,项目的实施带动了多方面的变化并产出了一批科研与竞赛成果,为在全校范围全面开展学生科研训练提供了宝贵经验。     

From Decades to Minutes: Steps Toward the Structure of Strychnine 1910–1948 and the Application of Today's Technology

Between 1910 and 1947, Robert Robinson (primarily), among others, published numerous proposed structures for strychnine. Robinson published 17 of his strychnine papers with his doctoral advisor William Henry Perkin, Jr., though all but two appeared after Robinson had taken his first permanent academic position. This Essay analyzes 20 key publications leading up to Robinson's (correct, then incorrect, then correct again though not definitively) proposal and Woodward's assignment of the actual structure of strychnine. We subjected the assignment of the strychnine structure to a modern computational quantum chemistry workflow. By computing, with density functional theory, ¹H and ¹³C NMR chemical shifts for the literature-proposed strychnine structures, we were able to rule out most incorrect structures. ¹³C NMR predictions were better at this, but ¹H NMR chemical shifts were helpful. A comparison is made between the consequences of publishing erroneous ideas in the first half of the 20th century and doing so in the 21st century.     

物理实验中三段法训练与应用型人才培养

本文从科学哲学角度审视了大学物理实验与人才培养的关系,提出三段法训练实验教学法.详细介绍了三段法实验教学的实施过程,探究了三段法实验教学对学生应用能力提升的作用.     

基于创新性应用型人才培养的大学物理教学内容的构建

根据德州学院的学生实际,从培养学生的创新能力和应用能力出发,以非物理类理工科大学物理课程教学基本要求为基础,对大学物理教学内容进行了选择和构建,形成了适合不同专业要求、不同层次学生需求的大学物理课程教学体系.     

Effect of pressure on cubic (C-type) Eu2O3 studied via Eu3+ luminescence

Abstract

Luminescence spectra from Eu³⁺ ion in C-type Eu₂O₃ under high pressures have been obtained. The spectral shifts can be used to study the effect of pressure on the spin-orbit and the Coulomb interactions of the 4f electrons, which are correlated with expansion of the 4f-electron wave functions. This expansion with the application of pressure results in both the variation of the electronegativity and radius of the Eu³⁺ ion and, ultimately, the phase transformation from C-to B-type Eu₂O₃. Therefore, core 4f-electrons can thus be thought of as quasivalence electrons.     

高精度干涉仪针孔空间滤波器研制

应用于高重复频率、高功率193 nm准分子激光器会聚光路中的针孔空间滤波器,除了需要考虑它的材料加工难易、厚度、针孔尺寸等因素外,还需考虑材料抗激光损伤特性。本文利用激光损伤理论中一维热流模型对无限厚和有限厚不同金属样品在高峰值功率193 nm 准分子激光器照射下的损伤阈值进行了分析。结果表明：铝材料在厚度为1.2μm处比其它金属的损伤阈值高,可达1.16×1010 W/cm2,且材料易于加工。利用聚焦离子束技术加工了航空铝材料样品,得到了厚度为1.2和1.5μm的针孔空间滤波器样品。扫描电镜观察其具有较好圆度和内壁粗糙度,基本满足剪切干涉仪对针孔空间滤波器的需求。